WordPress administrator guide

Understand and manage bots

Control automated visitors without disrupting search engines, monitoring tools, or the connected services your WordPress website needs.

Recommended defaultRestrictedPublic pages only
Trusted serviceAllowBot checks bypassed
Malicious activityBlockAccess denied
BitFire · Bot Control overviewTraffic classified
BitFire Bot Control overview showing search, bot categories, behavior filters, recommendations, current access levels, and Allow, Restrict, and Block actions
Search and filter automated visitors, review BitFire's recommendation, and choose the appropriate access level.Open full-size image ↗
01
Identity and verification

Do not trust the name alone

A user-agent identifies the software making a request, but it does not prove who operates that software.

User-agent claimGooglebot

Easy for anyone to copy

Network evidenceDNS · IP ranges · network owner

Cannot be impersonated

BitFire decisionVerified or unverified

Use evidence before allowing

How BitFire verifies bots

When reliable information is available, BitFire compares the bot's claim with network details that an attacker can not impersonate.

Verified DNS

Checks whether an address belongs to the domain claimed by a known crawler.

IP and routing data

Compares published IP ranges, network ownership, and routing information.

Reputation data

Uses known addresses and observed bot behavior to provide additional context.

Allowed bots are checked by BitFire's WAF and RASP protections. Allowing a bot bypasses bot restrictions; it does not turn off the rest of BitFire.

02
Access decisions

Choose the narrowest safe access

Most bots should remain Restricted. Use Allow only when a trusted service needs interactive access, and Block for clear abuse.

Recommended default

Restricted

View-only access to ordinary public content.

Can usually:
  • Read public pages with GET requests
  • Use approved query parameters
  • Reach a limited set of safe endpoints
Cannot normally:
  • Sign in or submit forms
  • Use restricted APIs or AJAX actions
  • Access administration functions
Trusted service

Allow

For services that must submit data or call a WordPress API.

Use only when:
  • You recognize and use the service
  • Its requests match its purpose
  • Restricted mode causes a confirmed problem
Malicious or unwanted

Block

Prevents access to pages protected by BitFire.

Common reasons:
  • Password and login attacks
  • Plugin or user enumeration
  • Exploit and configuration-file scans
  • Suspicious direct PHP requests
03
Initial setup

Use the three-day learning period

BitFire learns approved query parameters, API requests, and AJAX actions normally used by your website visitors.

Day 1Browse normally

Visit public pages and use the website as a normal administrator or customer would.

Days 1–2Test key features

Test forms, search, checkout, membership, login, and connected services.

Days 2–3Let services run

Allow scheduled jobs and external integrations to complete their normal work.

After day 3Review blocks

Investigate a request before creating an exception. Learning does not make every request safe.

04
Search and categories

Find the bot you need

Open Bot Control from the BitFire dashboard, then use categories, search, filters, and sorting to narrow the list.

Needs reviewInteractive request blocked

These bots attempted an API, AJAX action, or another interactive endpoint. Review this category if a connected service stops working.

SuspiciousHigh-risk behavior

These bots attempted logins, searched for sensitive files, accessed PHP directly, or enumerated WordPress information.

Likely legitimateKnown service pattern

The bot resembles a normal service in BitFire and Slothstorm data. This provides context—not proof of identity.

UnclassifiedNo clear classification

Most bots appear here. If they cause no problem, leave them Restricted and take no further action.

Search with one distinctive word

Search is exact rather than approximate. Use google instead of a long description, or search the main product or company name.

  1. 1Shorten the search term.
  2. 2Clear active filter chips.
  3. 3Try another category.
  4. 4Search again.

BitFire searches the selected category first. If it finds nothing there, it expands the search to all categories. This is why results can differ depending on the category currently displayed.

BehaviorTouched adminForm activity Login activity AccessAllowedRestrictedBlocked
05
Review the evidence

Open the bot details

Select a bot's row to review its recent activity, requests, network origin, and available reputation information.

Recent activityAllowed and blocked totalsData center or CDNCountries and networksRequest typesReputation evidence

The bot name alone is not enough to make a safe decision. Its request history and network details provide the most useful context.

Review IP addresses

Select an IP address to see available DNS names, related addresses, approximate network location, request categories, and access controls.

BitFire · Bot IP detailsNetwork evidence
BitFire IP address detail popup showing network, location, request categories, and access controls
IP details help separate a real service from someone copying its name.Use a narrow IP rule when possible.
LockKnown addresses only

Limit a real bot to trusted IP addresses when other systems copy the same name.

BlockSpoofed address

Block an unrelated or malicious address without blocking the entire legitimate crawler.

AllowVerified service

Allow an address only after confirming its identity and expected purpose.

Review actual requests

Open the requests associated with the user-agent and compare the requested page, method, and security result with the service's purpose. A monitor requesting the homepage may be normal. The same name requesting a password file is not.

Research the name

A web search can provide background, but it cannot prove the request is genuine.

Remove the entry

Deleting is not the same as blocking. If the bot returns, BitFire may list it again.

06
Safe changes

Allow a blocked service carefully

A bot-related block commonly uses a code beginning with 2400. Match the request to the affected service before changing access.

1
Identify what failed

Note the WordPress feature or service, approximate time, request ID, and block code.

2
Find recent activity

Open Needs review, sort by recent activity, and search the service or product name.

3
Compare the evidence

Check that the request time, URL, IP details, and action match the service's purpose.

4
Make a narrow change

Allow only the matching bot or trusted IP addresses, then test the service again.

5
Monitor the result

Review its next requests to confirm the connection works and remains expected.

Change several bots at once

Select the checkbox beside each bot, review every selected name, then choose Allow, Restrict, or Block. Use bulk Allow cautiously. Approving one verified service at a time is safer than approving a whole category.

07
Impersonation

Recognize a fake search crawler

Attackers often borrow trusted names such as Google, Bing, or Facebook to make malicious traffic look harmless.

BitFire · Bot identityFake identity
BitFire Bot Control showing a fake Googlebot badge on an unverified crawler
A Fake badge means the claimed identity does not match the available network evidence.Do not Allow based on name.
01Open details

Review IP, DNS, location, and network ownership.

02Compare behavior

Does the request match what the claimed service normally does?

03Use a narrow block

Block the spoofed address without blocking the genuine crawler.

04Protect the real bot

Keep it Restricted or lock it to verified addresses.

Do not Allow a bot merely to stop repeated alerts. If the activity is unfamiliar and your website works normally, Restricted is the safer choice.

08
Layered protection

Use one clear bot-control policy

Several WordPress bot-blocking plugins can create conflicting rules, duplicate challenges, and confusing logs.

Inside WordPress

Use BitFire as the primary bot policy

Keep bot access levels and WordPress-specific exceptions in one understandable place.

Before WordPress

Keep useful host or CDN protection

Your provider can still help with denial-of-service attacks and traffic before it reaches WordPress.

Avoid broad Allow rules in both systems.Make one configuration change at a time.Test the website after each change.Record where each exception was created.Check both systems when a service is blocked.
09
Common problems

Troubleshoot without lowering protection

Start with the narrowest change and return a bot to Restricted whenever you are unsure.

A connected service stopped working
  1. Reproduce the problem once and note the time.
  2. Look for a block code beginning with 2400.
  3. Check Needs review and recent activity.
  4. Allow only the bot or IP addresses that match the service.
  5. Test the connection again.
Search returns no results

Use a shorter term, clear filter chips, try another category, and search for part of the company or product name.

An allowed bot is still blocked

Allow bypasses bot restrictions, not WAF or RASP. Open the blocked request to identify which protection stopped it. Review that specific request or contact support rather than disabling the firewall.

A familiar crawler has a Fake badge

Do not Allow it based on the name. Review IP and DNS details; an unrelated system may be impersonating the real crawler.

You changed the wrong bot

Return it to Restricted and test the website. Restricted is the safest recovery setting when you are uncertain.

10
Ongoing review

Keep bot control simple

Bot Control does not require daily administration. Review it after important website changes and as part of routine periodic maintenance.

Review when
  • A connected service stops working
  • You install a plugin that has an external service that contacts your website
  • You change payment, marketing, or monitoring providers
  • Reports show repeated automated activity
  • A bot attempts a sensitive WordPress action
During review
  • Return unused services to Restricted
  • Confirm Allowed bots are still needed
  • Block clearly malicious repeat activity
  • Leave harmless unclassified bots alone
  • Test important features after changes

Quick decision guide

  1. 01
    Do you recognize it?

    If no, leave it Restricted.

  2. 02
    Does your site need it?

    If no, keep it Restricted or Block it if abusive.

  3. 03
    Is the network verified?

    Review its requests before allowing.

  4. 04
    Can access be narrower?

    Prefer trusted IP addresses when possible.

  5. 05
    Still uncertain?

    Leave it Restricted and contact support.

About the author

Cory Marsh

Cory has more than 20 years of internet security experience and is a lead developer on the BitFire project.

Read BitFire security research →
Need a second opinion?

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